Complex numbers consist of a real number plus an imaginary number, so can be written as \(x+iy\).
We can visualise imaginary numbers as lying along a number line like the ordinary real number line, but at right angles to it. These two number lines together form a plane called the complex plane or the Argand diagram, and the complex number \(x+iy\) will lie at the point \((x,y)\) on this plane.
Every polynomial with real (or even complex) coefficients has a root in the complex numbers, which makes complex numbers a very powerful mathematical concept.
