Newton’s laws of motion can be stated as follows.
Newton’s first law. A particle continues in a state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless a force acts on it.
Newton’s second law. If a resultant force acts on a particle, the particle’s linear momentum changes at a rate proportional to the size of the force and in the same direction as the force, \(\mathbf{F} = \frac{d}{dt}(m\mathbf{v})\). In the case where the mass is constant, this becomes \(\mathbf{F}=m\mathbf{a}\), where \(\mathbf{a}\) is the acceleration.
Newton’s second law. When one object exerts a force upon another, there is always a reaction force equal in size and opposite in direction to the acting force.
