Question

If \(\dfrac{b}{a}\) is small enough for powers of \(\dfrac{b}{a}\) higher than the third to be neglected, show that \[\begin{equation*} (a+b)^\frac{1}{2} - (a-b)^\frac{1}{2} = a^\frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{b}{a} + \frac{b^3}{8a^3} \right). \end{equation*}\]

Use this result to deduce a rational approximation to \(\sqrt 5 - \sqrt 3\).

Deduce, or obtain otherwise, a rational approximation to \(\sqrt 5 + \sqrt 3\).